Cox's Bazar (Bengali): কক্সবাজার, Kaksbajar) is a town, a
fishing port and district headquarters in Bangladesh. The beach in Cox's Bazar
is an unbroken 125 km sandy sea beach with a gentle slope, one of the
world's longest. It is located 150 km south of the industrial port
Chittagong. Cox's Bazar is also known by the name Panowa, whose literal
translation means "yellow flower." Its other old name was
"Palongkee". The modern Cox's Bazar derives its name from Captain
Hiram Cox (died 1799), an officer of the British East India Company. Cox was
appointed Superintendent of Palongkee outpost after Warren Hastings became
Governor of Bengal Captain Cox was specially mobilized to deal with a
century-long conflict between Arakan refugees and local Rakhains. He embarked
upon the task of rehabilitating refugees in the area and made significant
progress. Captain Cox died in 1799 before he could finish his work. To
commemorate his role in rehabilitation work, a market was established and named
Cox's Bazar ("Cox's Market") after him.
Today, Cox's
Bazar is one of the most-visited tourist destinations in Bangladesh, though it
is not a major international tourist destination. In 2013, the Bangladesh
Government formed the Tourist Police unit to better protect local and foreign tourists,
as well as to look after the nature and wildlife in the tourist spots of Cox's
Bazar.
Town: Cox's Bazar (Town), Cox's Bazar municipality, was
constituted in 1869, eventually becoming a B-grade municipality in 1989. The
municipality covers an area of 6.85 km2. Located along the Bay of Bengal in
South Eastern Bangladesh, Cox's Bazar Town is a large port and health resort.
But it is famous mostly for its long natural sandy beach. The municipality
covers an area of 6.85 km² with 27 mahallas and 9 wards and has a
population of 51,918. Cox's Bazar is connected by road and air with Chittagong.
History: The greater Chittagong area, including Cox's Bazar, was
under the rule of Arakan kings from the early 9th century until its conquest by
the Mughal in 1666 AD. When the Mughal Prince Shah Shuja was passing through
the hilly terrain of the present-day Cox's Bazar on his way to Arakan, he was
attracted to its scenic and captivating beauty. He commanded his forces to camp
there. His retinue of one thousand palanquins stopped there for some time. A
place named Dulahazara, meaning
"one thousand palanquins," still exists in the area. After the
Mughals, the place came under the control of the Tipras and the Arakanese,
followed by the Portuguese and then the British.
The name Cox's
Bazar/Bazaar originated from the name of a British East India Company officer,
Captain Hiram Cox, who was appointed as the Superintendent of Palonki (today's
Cox's Bazar) outpost. He succeeded Warren Hastings’s who became the Governor of
Bengal following the British East India Company Act in 1773. Cox was mobilized
to deal with a century-long conflict between Arakan refugees and local Rakhine
people at Palonki. The Captain had rehabilitated many refugees in the area, but
had died (in 1799) before he could finish his work. To commemorate that, a
market was established and named after him, called Cox's Bazar (market of Cox).
Cox's Bazar then was first established in 1854 and became a municipality in
1869. After the Sepoy Mutiny in 1857, the British East India Company was highly
criticized and questioned on humanitarian grounds, especially for its opium trade
monopoly over the Indian Sub-Continent. However, after its dissolution on 1
January 1874, all of the company's assets including its Armed Forces were
acquired by the British Crown. After this historic take over, Cox's Bazar was
declared a district of the Bengal Province under the British Crown.
Gorgeous !
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